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European Journal of Mineralogy; January, February 2001; v. 13; no. 1; p. 27-40; DOI: 10.1127/0935-1221/01/0013-0027
© 2001 E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Science Publishers
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Articles

Nano-petrographic investigation of a mafic xenolith (maar de Beaunit, Massif Central, France)

François FAURE1,*, Gilles TROLLIARD2, Jean-Marc MONTEL1,3 and Christian NICOLLET1

1 UMR 6524 CNRS, OPGC - UBP, 5 rue Kessler, 63038 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France
2 UMR 6638 CNRS, SPCTS, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
3 UMR 5563 CNRS, MTG - UPS, 39 allées Jules Guesde, 31000 Toulouse, France

* e-mail f.faure{at}opgc.univ-bpclermont.fr

The thermal history of a mafic xenolith from the Beaunit maar (Massif Central, France) is reconstructed at the basis of a transmission electron microscopy study. The protolith is a meta-microgabbro (opx-1, cpx-1, pl-1) sampled in the lower continental crust (T=870-970°C, P{asymp}0.7-0.8 GPa). The incorporation in the basaltic magma produced five reactions around orthopyroxene: opx-1{Longrightarrow}cpx-2{Longrightarrow}cpx-3 (augite + high pigeonite) {Longrightarrow} liq {Longrightarrow} cpx-4. The final reaction is the transformation of residual cpx-3 (augite + high pigeonite) into cpx-5 (augite + low pigeonite). The calculation of the time required for each transformation yields a minimum residence time of the enclave in the host magma of 16 hours and a magma ascent velocity of 1.8 km.h–1. Exsolutions are produced by pressure decrease as the xenolith is brought up to the surface in the host basalt. Fractures observed in primary minerals are interpreted as a consequence of xenolith shocks against the wall of the magma conduit.

Key-words: xenolith, TEM, exsolution, pyroxene, ascent velocity.




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