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European Journal of Mineralogy; February 2002; v. 14; no. 1; p. 115-126; DOI: 10.1127/0935-1221/2002/0014-0115
© 2002 E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Science Publishers
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Schneebergite and nickelschneebergite from Schneeberg, Saxony, Germany

: the first Bi-bearing members of the tsumcorite group Werner KRAUSE1,*, Heinz-Jürgen BERNHARDT2, Herta EFFENBERGER3 and Thomas WITZKE4

1 Henriette-Lott-Weg 8, D-50354 Hürth, Germany
2 Institut für Mineralogie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
3 Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
4 Institut für Mineralogie und Lagerstättenlehre, RWTH Aachen, Wüllnerstr. 2, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

* e-mail: we.krause{at}t-online.de

Schneebergite and nickelschneebergite are new members of the tsumcorite group; they represent the bismuth analogues of cobaltlotharmeyerite and nickellotharmeyerite. The two minerals were discovered on samples from the former mining area "Am Roten Berg", Schneeberg, Saxony, Germany; associated minerals are scorodite, barium-pharmacosiderite, ferrilotharmeyerite (cobaltoan, bismuthian), preisingerite, and waylandite. Schneebergite and nickelschneebergite are very similar in appearance; they form crystal aggregates up to 1 mm and small tabular crystals (≤ 0.5 mm), elongated parallel to [010]. The colour is brown to beige (depending on the iron content), the streak is pale brown; Vickers hardness is VHN15 = 250 kg/mm2 corresponding to a Mohs' hardness of 4 to 4 1/2. Crystallographic forms are {201} (dominant), {001}, {101}, {101}, {102}, {111}. The optical orientation is Y parallel to [010], X {asymp} [001], pleochroism is weak to distinct (depending on the iron content) with X = Z = pale yellow and Y = brown (for both minerals). Schneebergite is biaxial positive, 2V = 85(5)°, nx = 1.93(calc.), ny = 1.95(1), and nz = 1.98(2); nickelschneebergite is biaxial negative, 2V = 77(5)°, nx = 1.92(calc.), ny = 1.95(1), and nz = 1.97(2). Empirical formulas calculated from electron microprobe analyses and based on 10 oxygen atoms are (Bi0.74Ca0.29){Sigma}1.03(Co1.06Ni0.75Fe0.22){Sigma}2.03 [(AsO4)1.99(SO4)0.01]{Sigma}2.00 [(OH)1.09(H2O)0.91]{Sigma}2.00 for schneebergite, and (Bi0.73Ca0.28Pb0.01){Sigma}1.02 (Ni1.18Co0.64Fe0.16){Sigma}1.98 (AsO4)1.99 [(H2O)1.10(OH)0.93]{Sigma}2.03 for nickelschneebergite; the ideal formulas are BiCo2(AsO4)2[(H2O)(OH)] and BiNi2(AsO4)2 [(H2O)(OH)], respectively. There is a probably complete solid solution involving schneebergite, nickelschneebergite, cobaltlotharmeyerite, and nickellotharmeyerite. Schneebergite/nickelschneebergite are monoclinic, space group C2/m, with a = 9.005(1)/8.995(1), b = 6.211(1)/6.207(1), c = 7.440(1)/7.462(1) Å, ß = 115.19(1)/115.00(1)°, V = 376.5(1)/377.6(1) Å3, Z = 2, Dcalc = 5.28/5.23 g/cm3. Structure investigations for schneebergite (R1 = 0.038) and nickelschneebergite (R1 = 0.044) based on single-crystal X-ray data confirmed isotypy with the tsumcorite-type structure.

Key-words: schneebergite, nickelschneebergite, new mineral, tsumcorite group, crystal chemistry, crystal structure.




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