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European Journal of Mineralogy; August 2003; v. 15; no. 4; p. 733-739; DOI: 10.1127/0935-1221/2003/0015-0733
© 2003 E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Science Publishers
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Articles

Graulichite-(Ce), a new arsenate mineral from the Stavelot Massif, Belgium

Frédéric HATERT1,*, Pierre LEFèVRE1, Marco PASERO2 and André-Mathieu FRANSOLET1

1 Laboratoire de Minéralogie, Université de Liège, B.18, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
2 Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, Via S. Maria 53,I-56126 Pisa, Italy

* E-mail: fhatert{at}ulg.ac.be

Graulichite-(Ce), ideally CeFe3+3(AsO4)2(OH)6, is a new mineral species from Hourt, Stavelot Massif, Belgium. It occurs in the most altered parts of a Devillian quartzite (Lower to Middle Cambrian), in close association with arsenopyrite, scorodite, mimetite, pharmacosiderite, and goethite. Graulichite-(Ce) forms 80 to 150 µ spherical aggregates of rhombohedral crystals, 50 to 80 µ length, which show the forms {1012} and {1011}. The mineral is transparent and exhibits a light-green to brownish colour, with a resinous lustre. It is non-fluorescent and shows an irregular fracture, without any perceptible cleavage. The calculated density is 4.42 g/cm3. Graulichite-(Ce) is uniaxial negative, with a mean refractive index close to 1.97(1) ({lambda} = 590 nm), pleochroic from light green to yellowish. Electron microprobe analyses gave As2O5 31.20, P2O5 0.03, SO3 0.06, SiO2 0.03, Al2O3 3.09, Fe2O3.30.65, SrO 0.24, PbO 0.07, BaO 3.95, CaO 0.03, La2O3 2.26, Ce2O3 15.73, Nd2O3 2.08, H2O (calc.) 8.37, total 97.79 wt. %. The resulting empirical formula, calculated on the basis of 6 cations, is (Ce0.67Ba0.18La0.10Nd0.09Sr0.02)E]{sigma}1.06 (Fe2+2.68Al0.42){Sigma}3.10[(As1.89S0.01{square}0.00){Sigma}2.00O8][(OH)5.57(H2O)0.43]{Sigma}6.00. The single-crystal unit-cell parameters are a = 7.288(2) and c = 16.812(9) Å, space group R3m. The seven strongest lines in the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [d(in Å)(l)(hkil)] are: 3.052(100)(1123), 3.636(40)(1120), 2.239(35)(1017), 1.817(35)(2240), 2.792(30)(0006), 5.906(25)(1011), 1.968(25)(3033). Graulichite-(Ce) is the iron analogue of arsenoflorencite-(Ce), and belongs to the crandallite mineral group, with the alunite-type structure. The crystal structure of graulichite-(Ce) has been refined, based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, to R = 0.048.

Key-words: Graulichite-(Ce), new arsenate mineral, REE, crandallite group, Hourt, Stavelot Massif, Belgium, crystal structure..




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