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European Journal of Mineralogy; June 2001; v. 13; no. 3; p. 611-619; DOI: 10.1127/0935-1221/2001/0013-0611
© 2001 E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Science Publishers
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Phase reactions in the brick firing process of V-doped clay

Petra BRUHNS and Reinhard X. FISCHER*

Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der Universität, Klagenfurter Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Reaction sequence of pure clay; quantitative data obtained from Rietveld refinements.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Reaction tube for the syntheses. The sample is placed in a silica glass boat, whithin an inner glass tube. The assemblage is protected by an outer reaction pipe with gas in- and outlets. All parts are made of silica glass due its impermeability for vanadium.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Observed (crosses) and calculated (lines) powder diffraction patterns from Rietveld refinements of raw clay. Q: quartz, K: kaolinite, I: illite, R: rutile, Z: ZnO.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Observed (crosses) and calculated (lines) powder diffraction patterns from Rietveld refinements of pure clay annealed between 200 and 1000 °C. Q: quartz, Z: ZnO, H: hematite, R: rutile, I: illite, K: kaolinite.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Observed (crosses) and calculated (lines) powder diffraction patterns from Rietveld refinements of clay admixed with 5 wt.-% V2O5 annealed between 200 and 1000 °C. Q: quartz, Z: ZnO, R: rutile, I: illite, K: kaolinite, V: V2O5, M: mullite, C: cristobalite, P: pseudobrookite.

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 6. Reaction sequence of clay admixed with 5 wt.-% V2O5; quantitative data obtained from Rietveld refinements.

 

Figure 7
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  		Fig. 7. Lattice constants vs. Al2O3 content of pure and transition metal doped mullite samples: • pure mullite (3:2), Ban & Okada (1992); {blacksquare} mullite with 8.7 wt.-% V2O3, Schneider (1990); {blacktriangleup} mullite with 10.3 wt.-% Fe2O3, Schneider (1990); {diamond} mullite with 3.64 wt.-% Fe2O3, Schneider & Rager (1986); {blacktriangledown} mullite with 11.1 wt.-% Fe2O3, Schneider & Rager (1986). Continuous lines show cell parameters in mullite compositions without heavy metal addition (Fischer et al., 1996), shaded areas mark the region of cell parameters obtained in this study.

 




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